Porter JL, Varacallo M. OP. 2022 Sep 4. In: StatPearls (Internet). Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023. PMID: 28722930.
LeBoff MS, Greenspan SL, Insogna KL, Lewiecki EM, Saag KG, Singer AJ. et al. The clinician's guide to prevention and treatment of OP. Osteoporos Int. 2022; 33(10):2049-2102.
DOI: 10.1007/s00198-021-05900-y
Peris-Bernal P. OP del varón. ¿Cómo diagnósticarla y tratarla? Rev Esp Reumatol. 2001; 28(3):135-142.
Narro-Robles J, Hernández-Bringas HH, Flores-Arenales R. El censo de población 2010: cuatro millones más de mexicanos de lo previsto, ¿El final de una política de Estado? Pap Poblac. 2012; 18(74):1-39.
Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía e Informatica. Consultado en junio 2023. https://www.inegi.org.mx/app/ageeml/.
Clark P, Ramírez-Pérez E, Reyes-López A. Umbrales de evaluación para la detección de casos en riesgo de OP (OP) y fracturas por fragilidad con FRAX en población mexicana para el primer nivel de salud. Gaceta Médica de México. 2016; 152(S2):22-31.
Riancho JA, González-Macias J, Pérez-Castrillon JL. Guías de práctica clínica en la OP postmenopáusica, glucocorticoidea y del varón (actualización 2022). Rev Osteoporos Metab Miner. 2022; 14(1):13-33.
DOI: 10.4321/S1889-836X2022000100003
Herrera A, Lobo-Escolar A, Mateo J, Gil J, Ibarz E, Gracia L. Male OP: A review. World J Orthop. 2012;3(12):223-34.
DOI: 10.5312/wjo.v3.i12.223
Stagi S, Cavalli L, Iurato C, Seminara S, Brandi ML, de Martino M. Bone metabolism in children and adolescents: main characteristics of the determinants of peak bone mass. Clin Cases Miner Bone Metab. 2013;10(3):172-9.
Cossio-Bolanos M, Vidal-Espinoza R, Fuentes-Lopez J, Castelli Correia de Campos LF, Andruske CL, Urra-Albornoz C. et al. Reference values for bone density and bone mineral content from 5 to 80 years old in a province of Chile. PeerJ. 2022;10:e13092.
DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13092
Chen JF, Lin PW, Tsai YR, Yang YC, Kang HY. Androgens and Androgen Receptor Actions on Bone Health and Disease: From Androgen Deficiency to Androgen Therapy. Cells. 2019;8(11):1318.
DOI: 10.3390/cells8111318
Okazaki R, Inoue D, Shibata M, Saika M, Kido S, Ooka H. et al. Estrogen promotes early osteoblast differentiation and inhibits adipocyte differentiation in mouse bone marrow stromal cell lines that express estrogen receptor (ER) alpha or beta. Endocrinology. 2002;143(6):2349-56.
DOI: 10.1210/endo.143.6.8854
Marie JC, Bonnelye E. Effects of Estrogens on Osteoimmunology: A Role in Bone Metastasis. Front Immunol. 2022;13:899104.
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.899104
Kim HN, Ponte F, Nookaew I, Ucer Ozgurel S, Marques-Carvalho A, Iyer S. et al. Estrogens decrease osteoclast number by attenuating mitochondria oxidative phosphorylation and ATP production in early osteoclast precursors. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):11933.
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68890-7
Pierce JL, Begun DL, Westendorf JJ, McGee-Lawrence ME. Defining osteoblast and adipocyte lineages in the bone marrow. Bone. 2019;118:2-7.
DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.05.019
Muruganandan S, Govindarajan R, Sinal CJ. Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue and Skeletal Health. Curr Osteoporos Rep. 2018;16(4):434-442.
DOI: 10.1007/s11914-018-0451-y
Dang ZC, van Bezooijen RL, Karperien M, Papapoulos SE, Löwik CW. Exposure of KS483 cells to estrogen enhances osteogenesis and inhibits adipogenesis. J Bone Miner Res. 2002;17(3):394-405.
DOI: 10.1359/jbmr.2002.17.3.394
Bolamperti S, Villa I, Rubinacci A. Bone remodeling: an operational process ensuring survival and bone mechanical competence. Bone Res. 2022;10(1):48.
DOI: 10.1038/s41413-022-00219-8
Kameda T, Mano H, Yuasa T, Mori Y, Miyazawa K, Shiokawa M. et al. Estrogen inhibits bone resorption by directly inducing apoptosis of the bone-resorbing osteoclasts. J Exp Med. 1997;186(4):489-95.
DOI: 10.1084/jem.186.4.489
Bord S, Ireland DC, Beavan SR, Compston JE. The effects of estrogen on osteoprotegerin, RANKL, and estrogen receptor expression in human osteoblasts. Bone. 2003;32(2):136-41.
DOI: 10.1016/S8756-3282(02)00953-5
Baron R, Kneissel M. WNT signaling in bone homeostasis and disease: from human mutations to treatments. Nat Med. 2013;19(2):179-92.
DOI: 10.1038/nm.3074
Cheng CH, Chen LR, Chen KH. OP Due to Hormone Imbalance: An Overview of the Effects of Estrogen Deficiency and Glucocorticoid Overuse on Bone Turnover. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(3):1376.
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031376
Vanderschueren D, Laurent MR, Claessens F, Gielen E, Lagerquist MK, Vandenput L. et al. Sex steroid actions in male bone. Endocr Rev. 2014;35(6):906-60.
DOI: 10.1210/er.2014-1024
Phillip M, Maor G, Assa S, Silbergeld A, Segev Y. Testosterone stimulates growth of tibial epiphyseal growth plate and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor abundance in hypophysectomized and castrated rats. Endocrine. 2001;16(1):1-6.
DOI: 10.1385/ENDO:16:1:01
Mohamad NV, Soelaiman IN, Chin KY. A concise review of testosterone and bone health. Clin Interv Aging. 2016;11:1317-1324.
DOI: 10.2147/CIA.S115472
McBride JA, Carson CC, Coward RM. Diagnosis and management of testosterone deficiency. Asian J Androl. 2015;17(2):177-86.
DOI: 10.4103/1008-682X.143317
Shigehara K, Izumi K, Kadono Y, Mizokami A. Testosterone and Bone Health in Men: A Narrative Review. J Clin Med. 2021;10(3):530.
DOI: 10.3390/jcm10030530
Thu HE, Mohamed IN, Hussain Z, Shuid AN. Dihydrotestosterone, a robust promoter of osteoblastic proliferation and differentiation: understanding of time-mannered and dose-dependent control of bone forming cells. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2017;20(8):894-904.
Li X, Ominsky MS, Stolina M, Warmington KS, Geng Z, Niu QT. et al. Increased RANK ligand in bone marrow of orchiectomized rats and prevention of their bone loss by the RANK ligand inhibitor osteoprotegerin. Bone. 2009;45(4):669-76.
DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2009.06.011
Manolagas SC, O'Brien CA, Almeida M. The role of estrogen and androgen receptors in bone health and disease. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2013;9(12):699-712.
DOI: 10.1038/nrendo.2013.179
Kramer I, Halleux C, Keller H, Pegurri M, Gooi JH, Weber PB. et al. Osteocyte Wnt/beta-catenin signaling is required for normal bone homeostasis. Mol Cell Biol. 2010;30(12):3071-85.
DOI: 10.1128/MCB.01428-09
Bellido T. Osteocytes and their role in bone remodeling. Actual. Osteol. 2013;9(1):56-64.
Almeida M, Laurent MR, Dubois V, Claessens F, O'Brien CA, Bouillon R. et al. Estrogens and Androgens in Skeletal Physiology and Pathophysiology. Physiol Rev. 2017;97(1):135-187.
DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00033.2015
Kotwal N, Upreti V, Nachankar A, Hari Kumar KVS. A Prospective, Observational Study of OP in Men. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2018;22(1):62-66.
DOI: 10.4103/ijem.IJEM_414_16
Liu ZY, Yang Y, Wen CY, Rong LM. Serum Osteocalcin and Testosterone Concentrations in Adult Males with or without Primary OP: A Meta-Analysis. Biomed Res Int. 2017; 9892048.
DOI: 10.1155/2017/9892048
Hsu B, Seibel MJ, Cumming RG, Blyth FM, Naganathan V, Bleicher K. et al. Progressive Temporal Change in Serum SHBG, But Not in Serum Testosterone or Estradiol, Is Associated With Bone Loss and Incident Fractures in Older Men: The Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project. J Bone Miner Res. 2016;31(12):2115-2122.
DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2904
Rochira V, Antonio L, Vanderschueren D. EAA clinical guideline on management of bone health in the andrological outpatient clinic. Andrology. 2018;6(2):272-285.
DOI: 10.1111/andr.12470
Vescini F, Chiodini I, Falchetti A, Palermo A, Salcuni AS, Bonadonna S. et al. Management of OP in Men: A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(24):13640.
DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413640
Stumper NA, Wientgen H, Al-Hashimi L, Müller HW, Ohrndorf S, Gaber T. et al. Aromatase mutation in men as a rare cause of OP: a case report and review of the literature. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2023.
DOI: 10.55563/clinexprheumatol/gj7xal
Lindberg MK, Alatalo SL, Halleen JM, Mohan S, Gustafsson JA, Ohlsson C. Estrogen receptor specificity in the regulation of the skeleton in female mice. J Endocrinol. 2001;171(2):229-36.
DOI: 10.1677/joe.0.1710229
Zheng Z, He Y, Long L, Gan S, Chen S, Zhang M. et al. Involvement of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in promoting osteogenesis on titanium implant surfaces modified with novel non-thermal atmospheric plasma. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2022;10:975840.
DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.975840
Nakagami H, Morishita R. (Hormones and OP update. Effect of angiotensin II on bone metabolism). Clin Calcium. 2009 Jul;19(7):997-1002.
Gebru Y, Diao TY, Pan H, Mukwaya E, Zhang Y. Potential of RAS inhibition to improve metabolic bone disorders. Biomed Res Int. 2013;2013:932691.
DOI: 10.1155/2013/932691
Rinonapoli G, Ruggiero C, Meccariello L, Bisaccia M, Ceccarini P, Caraffa A. Osteoporosis in Men: A Review of an Underestimated Bone Condition. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(4):2105.
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042105
Watts NB, Adler RA, Bilezikian JP, Drake MT, Eastell R, Orwoll ES. et al. Endocrine Society. Osteoporosis in men: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012;97(6):1802-22.
DOI: 10.1210/jc.2011-3045
Das S, Crockett JC. Osteoporosis - a current view of pharmacological prevention and treatment. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2013;7:435-48.
CauleyJA, Ellenberg SS, Schwartz AV, Ensrud KE, Keaveny TM, Snyder PJ. Effect of testosterone treatment on the trabecular bone score in older men with low serum testosterone. Osteoporos Int. 2021;32(11):2371-2375.
DOI: 10.1007/s00198-021-06022-1
Movérare S, Venken K, Eriksson AL, Andersson N, Skrtic S, Wergedal J. et al. Differential effects on bone of estrogen receptor alpha and androgen receptor activation in orchidectomized adult male mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Nov 11;100(23):13573-8.
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2233084100